Hemihypertrophy

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Hemihypertrophy is also known as hemihyperplasia. The terminology hemihyperplasia seems more accurate as the pathological process involves an abnormal proliferation rather than an increase in the size of these cells (Cohen). Asymmetric overgrowth of unknown aetiology may involve the whole of one side of the body or it may be limited in extent to one limb or a side of the face. There may be associated asymmetric hypertrophy of internal organs. The reported incidence of hemihyperplasia is 1 in 86 000 live births (Tomkooya). Hemihyperplasia may be an isolated finding or it may be associated with other syndromes such as Beckwith-Wiedmann, Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber, or McCune-Albright syndromes. Predisposition to neoplasia (cancer) in isolated hemihyperplasia is well known, but the exact risk is not well documented.